Will there be a selective catalytic converter in Philippines? Selective catalytic converters have become an increasingly common sight around the world, including in the Philippines. Since implementing stricter emission regulations on various industries like power plants and vehicles in the country, including using selective catalytic converters to reduce NOx emissions as one means of complying. Furthermore, some car manufacturers now include selective catalytic converters as standard features even in countries without such regulations.
What is a Selective Catalytic Converter?
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A Selective Catalytic Converter (SCC) is a device that is used to reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from diesel engines. SCC technology uses a reagent such as AdBlue, which is injected into the exhaust gas stream. This reagent reacts with NOx and converts it into harmless nitrogen and water vapor.
There are two types of Selective Catalytic Converters: the first type is the Lean NOx Trap (LNT), which can store NOx emissions and release them when the engine is operating at high temperatures. The second type is Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), which uses a catalyst to convert NOx into nitrogen and water vapor.
Compared to traditional catalytic converters, SCCs are more efficient at reducing NOx emissions and have a longer lifespan. Additionally, SCCs do not affect the performance of the engine and are not susceptible to clogging or failure.
Why do we need a Selective Catalytic Converter?
The Philippines is one of the most polluted countries in the world, with air pollution levels exceeding the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended limits. Air pollution is a major public health concern in the Philippines, with millions of people suffering from respiratory diseases, heart disease, and cancer.
One of the major sources of air pollution in the Philippines is diesel engines, which are commonly used in transportation and power generation. Diesel engines emit high levels of NOx, which can react with other pollutants in the atmosphere to form smog and other harmful particles.
Using Selective Catalytic Converters can significantly reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines, thereby improving air quality and reducing the health risks associated with air pollution.
How Does SCR system work?
SCR is an active emissions control system. Hot exhaust gases flow from the engine and into an SCR system where diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) is sprayed onto a special catalyst, setting off chemical reactions in the exhaust that convert nitrogen oxides into nitrogen, water, and a small amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). Finally, all this exhaust passes through a particulate filter before exiting through the tailpipe of your vehicle.
SCR technology is designed to enable nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction reactions to take place in an oxidizing atmosphere. Its design enables NOx reduction reactions using ammonia as a reductant within a catalyst system to selectively lower NOx emissions levels. Chemical reactions known as “reduction” take place as DEF acts as the reducing agent which reacts with NOx and converts pollutants to nitrogen, water and CO2, before rapidly breaking down into ammonia-oxidizing ammonia molecules which enter the exhaust stream.
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Why is SCR important?
SCR technology is one of the most cost-effective and fuel-efficient means available to virtually eliminate emissions from diesel engines. Since 2011, all heavy-duty truck engines equipped with SCR systems to comply with current EPA emission standards.
These standards call for the reduction of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
SCR systems can reduce NOx emissions up to 90% while simultaneously decreasing HC and CO emissions by 50-90% and PM emissions by 30-50%. They can even be combined with diesel particulate filters for even further emissions reductions for PM.
SCR systems’ high efficiency in reducing NOx emissions enables manufacturers to optimize engine performance and maximize fuel economy while still reaching near zero emissions levels. Some SCR-equipped heavy-duty commercial truck operators report fuel economy gains of over 4%.
Where is SCR used?
SCR technology has long been utilized as a primary control strategy for industrial stationary source emissions. Beyond on-highway commercial trucks, some off-road engines and equipment used for construction, farming, marine, rail, and power generation also rely on SCR systems to meet EPA’s fourth-generation emissions standards – known as “Tier 4.” These standards mandate similar reductions of NOx, PMs, and other pollutants found in on-highway vehicles; SCR can even be found on diesel-powered pick-up trucks, vans, and SUVs due to its superior return of both economic and environmental benefits.
Current situation of air pollution in the Philippines
The major sources of air pollution in the Philippines are transportation, power generation, and industrial activities. The rapid urbanization and industrialization of the country have led to increased energy consumption and emissions.
According to the WHO, air pollution levels in the Philippines exceed the recommended
levels, with the capital city of Manila being one of the most polluted cities in the world. The main pollutants in the air include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide.
Air pollution has significant health effects, including respiratory diseases, heart disease, stroke, and cancer. The WHO estimates that air pollution contributes to over 28,000 premature deaths in the Philippines each year.
Challenges in implementing Selective Catalytic Converter in the Philippines
Despite the potential benefits of using Selective Catalytic Converters, there are several challenges in implementing them in the Philippines.
One of the major challenges is the lack of awareness among the general public and the automotive industry. Many people are not familiar with SCC technology and its benefits, while some automotive companies may be resistant to change or may not see the value in investing in SCC technology.
Another challenge is the high cost of implementing SCC technology, which may be prohibitive for small businesses and individuals. The cost of the technology may need to be subsidized by the government or through incentives for the automotive industry.
Finally, there may be resistance from the automotive industry, which may view SCC technology as a threat to their profits. The government may need to work closely with the industry to develop policies that promote the use of SCC technology while ensuring the industry remains competitive.
Success stories of implementing Selective Catalytic Converter in other countries
Several countries have successfully implemented Selective Catalytic Converters in their diesel engines, with significant improvements in air quality.
For example, Japan has implemented SCC technology in their diesel engines since the 2000s, resulting in a significant reduction in NOx emissions. The United States has also mandated the use of SCC technology in heavy-duty diesel engines since 2010, resulting in a 90% reduction in NOx emissions.
The European Union has also implemented strict regulations on diesel engines, including the use of SCC technology, resulting in significant improvements in air quality.
Proposed solutions for implementing Selective Catalytic Converter in the Philippines
To promote the use of Selective Catalytic Converters in the Philippines, several solutions can be proposed.
The government can develop regulations and policies that mandate the use of SCC technology in diesel engines. The government can also provide subsidies or incentives for the automotive industry to invest in SCC technology.
Education and awareness campaigns can also be launched to inform the public and the automotive industry about the benefits of SCC technology. The government can also work with NGOs and civil society organizations to promote sustainable transportation solutions and reduce the reliance on diesel engines.
FAQs
What is a selective catalytic converter?
Selective Catalytic Converters or SCR’s are a group of systems which are used to remove Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) from flue gases by a process of selective catalytic reduction. During this process, a reducing agent, such as ammonia is added to the flue gas, which subsequently combines with the Nitrogen Oxide and converts it to water and Nitrogen.
What are the patents for a catalytic converter?
Charles H. Bailey. U.S. Patent 4,094,645: “Combination muffler and catalytic converter having low backpressure”. 13 June 1978 Charles H. Bailey. U.S. Patent 4,250,146: ‘”Caseless monolithic catalytic converter”. 10 February 1981 Srinivasan Gopalakrishnan.
What are the disadvantages of selective catalytic converters?
However, due to their honeycomb shape, catalytic chambers are incredibly prone to bonding and blockage issues, which can severely reduce Selective Catalytic Converter efficiency. Even though natural gas is considered a relatively clean fuel, fine particulates are commonly still present.
What is the difference between primasonics and selective catalytic converters?
However unlike Primasonics Acoustic Cleaners, traditional Selective Catalytic Converter cleaning methods, only target specific and current problems, meaning they do not prevent problems from reoccurring in the future, and in some cases will only exasperate additional issues.
SCR Selective Catalyst Reduction and NOX emissions. Video Answer
Conclusion
The implementation of Selective Catalytic Converters in diesel engines can significantly reduce NOx emissions and improve air quality in the Philippines. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed, including lack of awareness, high cost, and resistance from the automotive industry.
The government, industry, and citizens need to work together to promote sustainable transportation solutions and reduce the health risks associated with air pollution.